What Is the Crime of Kidnapping

The crime of kidnapping occurs when a person is taken from one place to another against their will or a person is confined to a controlled space without legal authority to do so. Elements of Kidnapping The crime of kidnapping is charged when the transportation or confinement of the person is done for an unlawful purpose, such as for ransom, or for the purpose of committing another crime, for example kidnapping a bank officers family in order the gain assistance in robbing a bank. In some states, as in Pennsylvania, the crime of kidnapping occurs when  the victim is held for ransom or reward, or as a shield or hostage, or in order to facilitate commission of any felony or flight thereafter; or to inflict bodily injury on or to terrorize the victim or another, or to interfere with the performance by public officials of any governmental or political function. Elements of kidnapping include: Unlawful abduction, confinement, and restraintMovementUnlawful intent Motive In most states, there are different charges for kidnapping depending on the severity of the crime. Determining the motive behind the kidnapping often determines the charge. According to Criminal Law, Second Edition by Charles P. Nemeth, the motive for kidnapping generally falls under these categories: Money: Holding a person for ransomSexual: Transporting the victim without their consent for the purpose of sexPolitical: To force political changeThrill Seeking: The thrill of controlling others If the motive is rape the kidnapper would likely be charged with first-degree kidnapping, regardless of if the rape actually occurred or not. The same would hold true if the kidnapper physically harmed the victim or put them into a situation where the threat of being physically harm existed. Movement Some states require that to prove​ a  kidnapping, the victim must be moved involuntarily from one place to another. Depending on the state law determines how far the distance is to constitute kidnapping. Some states such as New Mexico, include verbiage that helps to better define movement  as taking, retraining, transporting, or confining, Force Generally, kidnapping is considered a violent offense and many states require that some level of force is used to restrain the victim. The force does not necessarily have to be physical. Intimidation and deception are viewed as an element of force in some states. If for example, as in the kidnapping of Elizabeth Smart in 2002, the kidnapper threatened to kill the victims family in order to get her to comply with his demands. Parental Kidnapping Under certain circumstances, kidnapping can be charged when noncustodial parents take their children to keep them permanently. If the child is taken against their will, kidnapping can be charged. In many instances, when the kidnapper is a parent, the charge of child abduction is filed. In some states, if the child is of age to make a competent decision (the age varies from state to state) and chooses to go with the parent, kidnapping cannot be charged against the parent. Likewise, if a nonparent takes a child away with the childs permission, that person cannot be charged with kidnapping. Degrees of Kidnapping Kidnapping is a felony in all states, however, most states have different degrees, classes or levels with different sentencing guidelines. Kidnapping is also a federal crime and a kidnapper can face both state and federal charges. First-degree kidnapping almost always involves physical harm to the victim, ​the  threat of physical harm, or when the victim is a child.Second-degree kidnapping is often charged when the victim is unharmed and left in a safe place.Parental kidnapping is usually dealt with under different sentencing guidelines and usually results in a lesser sentence than most kidnapping convictions. Sentencing for parental kidnapping is much less severe and generally averages around three years in prison, depending on the circumstances. Federal Kidnapping Charges The federal kidnapping law, also known as the Lindbergh Law, uses the Federal Sentencing Guidelines to determine the sentencing in kidnapping cases. It is a point system based on the specifics of the crime. If a gun is used or the victim suffers physical harm it will result in greater points and a more severe punishment. For parents who are guilty of abducting their own minor children, different provisions exist for determining the sentence under federal law. Kidnapping Statute of Limitations Kidnapping is considered one of the most serious crimes and there is no statute of limitations. Arrests can be made any time after the crime has occurred.

Ethnographic Interview - 1520 Words

Ethnographic Interview: Taiwan Culture Experience 1 Ethnographic Interview: Taiwan Culture Experience Vntge Jayne Clark Atlanta University Communication Cultural Diversity, Professor Howell March 14, 2011 2 PRECONCEPTIONS Culture is defined as the traditions, customs, norms, beliefs, values and thought patterning passed down from generation to generation (Jandt 2010). The world consists of many different cultures. In this Ethnographic Interview, I was given the opportunity to explore and learn more about a culture different from my own. Through observation I’ve have seen how people of different cultures differ from mines. For example, the type of foods a person†¦show more content†¦My informer also ordered a cucumber salad. I was familiar with the cucumber salad because I had eaten it before and it found it to be a 4 tasteful salad. He also ordered lemonade to drink which so happened to be a common drink I ordered when I ate out. I knew right than we shared some similarities. While waiting for our food to arrive I started the interview off with some introductory background questions. His demeanor during the interview was very comfortable. I felt he was being very open and honest with his answers. Our conversations flowed very smoothly. I felt as if I was speaking to someone from a different culture from mines, but the way he expressed his perceptions and experiences were not foreign to me. Plainly, I could see how people all over the world could share the same dilemmas. INTERVIEW 1. What was your initial reason to move to the United States? I have heard that united States have the best education and the opportunity to do what I want. 2. Did anyone of your family members already stay in America before you moved here? My cousins whole family 3. If so what did they tell it would be like? They just told me the school is very easy over here in United States and people are interesting about the foreigner that about it 4. Before moving to North America did you have an idea of what you thought it would be like? I thought lifestyle would be interesting because I alwaysShow MoreRelatedPresentation Of An Ethnographic Interview945 Words   |  4 PagesResults: An ethnographic interview was conducted on September 6, 2016. During the interview, the client noted no significant changes in his health. He reported that he continues to take all his medications. The client stated that he enjoys spending time with his grandchildren and walking his dog. The client reported that his biggest concern is his difficultly recalling information from his short-term memory and that he is often confused. The client also expressed that he has difficultly with writingRead MoreEthnographic Interview on Sports in American Culture702 Words   |  3 Pagesapartment is where the interview took place. The topic that I chose for this ethnographic interview was sports in American culture. 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As defined in Culturally Competent Practice, by Doman Lum, cultural identity developmentRead MoreThe Wolfpack Is A 2015 Documentary That Tells The Story Of The Angulo Family1260 Words   |  6 Pageschance one day soon after the boys began venturing from their apartment. She alternately claims that she approached them on the street because they were a group of boys she had never seen before in her neighborhood (Buckley 2015), but in other interviews she talks of literally chasing after them on the street because they sparked her directorial interests (Dargis 2015). The small differences in these stories cause this viewer to call her motives into question. 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BI Supported Budgeting Planning And Control free essay sample

Describe Nicholls data and reporting problems. Mac NICHOLS had a huge database in which the information was supplemented by a manual method, which consisted in transcribing several databases from MS Access to different parts spreadsheets dispersed across the organization. The collection of data and transference to other spreadsheets to feed Access were a very heavy process and required constant review to guarantee the accuracy of the data. Problems ofInformation: The budget process that took 7 to 10 days at the end of each quarter. Spreadsheets dispersed all over the company. Lower accuracy and quality of the data. Managers could not do real-time tracking in marketing, production and dashboards orders. Managers could not had a good handle on the actual transactions, expectations and objectives. The company needed a solution that could provide a forecast of visibility and confidence to managers, allowing them to make quick and effective decisions. They identified the requirements for a financial planning solution: data accuracy, integrity of financial data, a tool to address complex financial situations, flexibility, ease of use, speed and performance. We will write a custom essay sample on BI Supported Budgeting Planning And Control or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. Why do you think the company was using Access and Excel for its intelligence and reporting requirements? Because they do not had information or knowledge of other types of programs for business intelligence.Furthermore, when the company suddenly just started, he use of such programs work fine, but when they grow, the method began to be very cumbersome, inaccurate and became consumed too much man hours. 3. Describe Nicholls business strategy, or how it defines its competitive advantage. How important is customer loyalty? 4. Were resources improperly allocated under the manual system? How has the Bal system reallocated resources?